import pandas as pd
pd.set_option('display.unicode.east_asian_width', True)
df = pd.read_excel('student_info.xlsx')
print('原始数据:\n',df)
df['体质指数'] = df['体重(kg)'] / df['身高(m)'] ** 2
df['健康状况'] = pd.cut(df['体质指数'],bins=[0, 18.5, 24, 28, 50],right=False, include_lowest=True, labels=['消瘦', '正常', '超重', '肥胖'])
print('计算并离散化体质指数后的数据: \n', df)
print('对性别进行编码， 并设置附加前缀及其连接符为空的数据: \n', pd.get_dummies(df, prefix='', prefix_sep='', columns=['性别']))